![]() ![]() The English words "graven image" or "idol" in translations of the Bible may represent any of several Hebrew words. ![]() שמות 20:4-6 ( WLC) Words translated as "graven image" According to the book of Acts, Paul tells the Athenians that though their city is full of idols, the true God is represented by none of them and requires them to turn away from idols. King Josiah, when he becomes aware of the terms of God's covenant, zealously works to rid his kingdom of idols. When the covenant is renewed under Joshua, the Israelites are encouraged to throw away their foreign gods and "choose this day whom you will serve". Although the commandment implies that the worship of God is not compatible with the worship of idols, the status of an individual as an idol worshiper or a God worshiper is not portrayed as predetermined and unchangeable in the Bible. Paul the Apostle identifies the worship of created things (rather than the Creator) as the cause of the disintegration of sexual and social morality in his letter to the Romans. Īccording to the psalmist and the prophet Isaiah, those who worship inanimate idols will be like them, that is, unseeing, unfeeling, unable to hear the truth that God would communicate to them. The Babylonian exile seems to have been a turning point after which the Jewish people as a whole were strongly monotheistic and willing to fight battles (such as the Maccabean Revolt) and face martyrdom before paying homage to any other god. Much of biblical preaching from the time of Moses to the exile is predicated on the either–or choice between exclusive worship of God and idols. Nevertheless, according to the Hebrew Bible the story of the people of Israel until the Babylonian Captivity includes the violation of this commandment as well as the one before it, " Thou shalt have no other gods before me". However, according to the book of Deuteronomy, the Israelites were strictly warned to neither adopt nor adapt any of the religious practices of the peoples around them. When the commandment was given, opportunities to participate in the honor or worship of idols abounded, and the religions of Canaanite tribes neighboring the Israelites often centered on a carefully constructed and maintained cult idol. ![]() Covetousness is forbidden by the 10th commandment, and as greed is defined as idolatry In the New Testament. It continues, ". any graven image, or any likeness that in heaven above, or that in the earth beneath, or that in the water under earth: Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them."Īlthough no single biblical passage contains a complete definition of idolatry, the subject is addressed in numerous passages, so that idolatry may be summarized as the strange worship of idols or images the worship of polytheistic gods by use of idols or images the worship of created things (trees, rocks, animals, astronomical bodies, or another human being) and the use of idols in the worship of God ( YHWH Elohim, the God of Israel). The reverse asymmetry is also well known in modern politics: Pictures of the king/dictator are distributed everywhere, but one is discouraged to write/talk about the ruler (beyond the simplest banalities) (again, see Halbertal & Margalit, 1992, for a discussion of the biblical prohibition)." Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image" ( Hebrew: לֹא-תַעֲשֶׂה לְךָ פֶסֶל, וְכָל-תְּמוּנָה, romanized: Lōʾ-t̲aʿăśeh lək̲ā p̲esel, wək̲ol-təmûnāh) is an abbreviated form of one of the Ten Commandments which, according to the Book of Deuteronomy, were spoken by God to the Israelites and then written on stone tablets by the Finger of God. Kings of Persia would speak to their subjects from behind a screen and were never seen. The ban on pictorial depiction also is common in the political realm. In the tradition of Islam, the prohibition against pictorial representation extends beyond God to such a major prophet as Muhammad. One can listen to (indeed, should follow) God's words and one is encouraged to sing/write God's virtues. Portrayals in words are not only endorsed, but actively sought. Again, it is the visual image that is banned. If so, why is it permitted to write about God's hand or face, while it is strictly forbidden to provide a drawing of the hand or the face? In a similar vein, God can be heard, but not seen “for man may not see Me and live” (Exodus, 33:20). Halbertal & Margalit, 1992)? God has been richly represented in written or oral narratives in and out of the Bible. ![]() After all, why is it forbidden to depict God in pictures, but it is not forbidden to depict God in words (cf. The prohibition in the Bible against pictorial representations of God is as famous as it is poorly understood. ![]()
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